Agent-safe signing · Hosted enclave signer

Coldstar vs Turnkey

Turnkey has the most expressive Solana-aware policy language of any hosted signer: instruction-level conditions, SPL transfer checks, consensus rules, all evaluated inside an attested enclave. Coldstar evaluates a smaller rule set on your own machine with a root that never goes online. The question is whose infrastructure you want under your agent.

Last reviewed 2026-09-04 · Facts link to first-party sources below · Corrections welcome

Pick Turnkey if

  • You want a managed, SOC 2 Type II signer with attestation and no infrastructure to run.
  • You need instruction-level Solana conditions (program keys, SPL transfer fields, instruction data).
  • You are fine with per-signature pricing and an always-online root.

Pick Coldstar if

  • You want the root key on hardware you own, offline, with no vendor account between your agent and the chain.
  • You need cumulative daily caps and a human escalation path over QR. Turnkey's language has no velocity limits.
  • You want to read and self-host the entire signer, not only the SDK.

Use both when

Turnkey for a fleet of consumer sub-org wallets; Coldstar as the cold treasury root that funds and bounds them.

Side by side

ColdstarTurnkey
Who holds the root keyYou. The cold root lives encrypted on your own USB drive. No vendor holds a key, a share, or an account.Turnkey's enclaves. Keys are generated and used only inside Turnkey-operated QuorumOS enclaves; customers hold API keys and passkeys, not key material.
Where the key livesOn your machine. The air-gapped root signs a bounded policy envelope; a disposable session key signs routine transactions inside it.Turnkey's enclave stack with remote attestation. Underlying cloud hardware not named on the fetched pages.
Policy enginePer-transaction limit, daily cap, program allowlist, recipient allowlist and blocklist, escalate-above threshold. Evaluated locally, first match wins, before any signature exists.Boolean policy language: consensus (who) and condition (when). Solana fields for account keys, program keys, instructions, SOL and SPL transfers, address-table lookups; time windows via cron spans. No cumulative or daily caps. DENY beats ALLOW; evaluated inside the enclave.
Out-of-policy transactionsESCALATE to a human over air-gapped QR, or REJECT. No signature is produced for a rejected transaction.Rejected, or held for a consensus rule that requires a human approver alongside the agent key. Root users can revoke by adding DENY policies.
Cold / offline rootYes — the root key never touches a networked machine.No. Always-online service; the customer's passkeys are the only customer-held material.
Agent integrationFramework-agnostic: the agent proposes an unsigned transaction, the signer decides. CLI signer today; MCP server in progress.Documented "End-User Delegated Agent Signing" (sub-org + zero-permission API user + policies); solutions for LangChain, CrewAI, Vercel AI SDK, x402; agent skills repo.
Solana supportSolana mainnet. Core is chain-agnostic; EVM signing exists.Yes, deeply: Solana transaction fields are first-class in the policy language.
Source & self-hostingOpen source (MIT), self-hosted. No API key, no SaaS dependency, nothing to go down.QuorumOS enclave OS published on GitHub; SDKs open. The service is hosted; no self-hosted option.
PricingFree software plus a ~$10 drive.Free: 25 signatures/month, up to 1,000 wallets, then $0.10 per signature. Pro: $99/month minimum, $0.05 per signature. Enterprise: custom, down to $0.0015 per signature.
MaturityBeta — the signing core and policy engine are in scope for the planned independent audit.Production; SOC 2 Type II; whitepaper published.

If the question is "which hosted signer has the best Solana policy grammar", the answer is probably Turnkey. Coldstar's question is different: should the root of an agent's authority be a vendor's enclave at all.

Where each one wins

Where Turnkey wins

  • Policy expressiveness. Instruction- and SPL-level conditions that Coldstar's first-match rule list does not express today.
  • Operational maturity. Attestation, SOC 2, multi-tenant sub-organisations, published whitepaper.
  • Nothing to run. No offline machine, no drive, no ops.

Where Coldstar wins

  • Cold root you own. Compromise of a vendor, an account, or an API key cannot reach the root; it is encrypted on a drive in your possession.
  • Velocity limits and escalation. Daily caps and an air-gapped human approval step for anything over the threshold.
  • No metered dependency. Free, MIT-licensed, self-hosted; no per-signature bill and no vendor outage on the critical path.

What you are actually trusting

Turnkey's claim is that no single engineer can access an enclave or reconstruct a secret, and that every change to your organisation's data is stamped inside an enclave. It backs that with remote attestation and a published enclave OS. You are trusting that design, Turnkey's operations, and the cloud beneath it, and paying per signature for the privilege of not running it.

Coldstar's claim is smaller and checkable at home: the root key is an AES-256-GCM ciphertext on a drive you hold; it decrypts only into memory-locked RAM on an offline machine, to sign a bounded policy envelope. The agent works from a disposable session key inside that envelope. Nothing online, and no vendor, can produce a root signature.

Turnkey is production infrastructure. Coldstar is beta; its policy engine and signing core are in scope for the planned independent audit, and its rule set is deliberately simple: blocklist, program allowlist, escalate threshold, per-transaction limit, recipient allowlist, daily cap.

Frequently asked questions

Is Turnkey non-custodial?

Turnkey describes a model where keys exist only inside its enclaves and it cannot unilaterally sign. In practice the key material lives on Turnkey-operated infrastructure and you authenticate to it. Coldstar's root never leaves a drive you physically hold.

Does Turnkey support daily spending caps?

Not in its policy language at review time. It supports per-transaction conditions and time windows. Coldstar's policy includes a daily cap.

Can I use Solana Agent Kit with either?

Yes. Solana Agent Kit ships a Turnkey example, and any signer implementing its wallet interface, Coldstar included, can be plugged in.

Which is cheaper?

Coldstar is free software. Turnkey's free tier covers 25 signatures a month, then $0.10 each on pay-as-you-go.

Try Coldstar in two minutes

Open source, MIT. macOS, Linux, Windows — and on the Solana Seeker dApp Store.

pip install coldstar

Related comparisons

Sources

  1. Turnkey policy language (Solana fields, time, consensus)
  2. Turnkey: delegated agent signing
  3. Turnkey security approach (enclaves, no single engineer access)
  4. Turnkey pricing
  5. QuorumOS source

Third-party facts were checked against the vendor's own pages on the date above. Pricing and feature sets change; if something here is out of date, tell us and we will fix it.